Business plan for 'CCTP Distributorship'
Faculty
of Economics and Administrative Sciencesof Management
PLAN“CCTP
Distributorship”
Prepared
by: Dias SadykovKhakimNadirov: Entrepreneurship
,
2014
summary
's start with the fact that in
recent years there is a tendency to maintain the beauty and overall appearance.
This trend has spread to absolutely any industry sector and up to healthcare.
Nowadays for people is not enough to be healthy, people need to be healthy and
at the same time seemingly flawless., people do not wish to spend precious time
on the recovery and renewal of beauty. We also want to note that not all
recently can afford expensive medical services and quality and not many are
willing to part with their capital for the benefit of health.'s consider market
as dentistry. To date, the number of independent dental clinics in Kazakhstan
is slightly higher than the mark "300". And every year this number is
decreasing, and there are only those dental clinics that really can provide
quality and safe dental treatment. What about prices? The average price of a
tooth filling is about 6200 tenge, the average price of all the teeth whitening
35,000 tenge, get medical advice on the average costs 2000 tenge. By the time
of filling a tooth takes about half an hour, teeth whitening requires an hour
or two. Plus time spent on way to the dentist. And this is not a complete
list.what can solve all these problems? How to seal up and whiten your teeth in
a short period of time and for little money? How not to waste your valuable
time searching for a good dentist? And finally, how to get rid of the
subsequent numerous trips to the dentist? Our company is ready to answer these
questions and solve these problems.Distributorship offers Japanese toothpaste
“Charcle”, which can quickly and painlessly to plug holes and cracks in the
teeth and restore tooth enamel without the help of dentists. Its composition is
similar to tooth enamel, and can be applied directly to the tooth to crack.
Material was obtained from experiments with hydroxyl apatite - the main
component of the teeth. First, the substance contained in the slightly acid
dissolves the enamel surface cracked . Three minutes later paste crystallizes
and artificial material firmly embedded in the structure of natural enamel.
Plus it's a good antibacterial agent. Tests conducted by Japanese dentists
suggest that healed by the invention tooth, does not differ from healthy. The
difference is not visible even under a microscope.on our market of Kazakhstan
will be 30 U.S. dollars, which is in accordance with our 5460 tenge per tube.
That is, for this price the consumer receives all the teeth whitening, filling
holes in the teeth, if any, recovery of enamel, plaque removal and elimination
of bad odor after several usages of that toothpaste.
description
current status of our business is
expansion
goals:
. To enable people in our
country to forget about expensive trip to the dentist that also requires a lot
of time. Moreover, this distribution of the toothpaste “Charcle” will markedly
improve the health of people.
. It will serve the
substantial development of national healthcare in the field of dentistry by
studying Japanese technology.
. Distribution of this
product in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan in 5 months looks very
promising and profitable given the fact that our weighty competitors are only
dental clinics.
we will distribute this toothpaste
"Charcle" on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the main
office will be stationed in the center of Almaty city at the intersection of
Furmanova - Al-Farabi.with this product will be located in Talgar city in
Kazakhstan, center of Talgarsky district of Almaty region located on the
northern slopes of Trans-Ili Alatau, 25 km east of Alma-Ata and in 20
kilometers from the capital of Kazakhstan, Astana, in the village
Michurino.product will be sold in special brand areas of the firm (Charcle)
located in major shopping malls in Almaty and Astana.
of location and challenges
fact that these cities inhabited by
people who can afford an expensive visit to the dentist, so for the first time,
we have chosen these two locations in order to have the opportunity to expand
the boundaries of the distribution of toothpaste in the near future.
ownership
fact is that we need cooperation
with the inventor of this toothpaste, Kazuyo Yamagashi. We will need to know the
specifics of the production of toothpaste "Charcle", even if we only
deal with a distributor, and not industrial. This will significantly facilitate
and accelerate the sale of toothpaste. Also important will be highly skilled
staff dentists along with experienced promoters who will share their views
ideas about promoting this product.consider our company as Limited Partnership,
where owners are Dias Sadykov, Nadir Nadirov and Maksatzhan Khakim.
and services
“Charcle”, that can quick and
painless plug holes and cracks in the teeth and restore tooth enamel without
the help of dentists. Its composition is similar to that of tooth enamel, and
can be applied directly to the tooth’s crack. Material was obtained from
experiments with hydroxyl apatite - the main component of the teeth., the
substance contained in the slightly acid dissolves the enamel surface cracked.
Three minutes later paste crystallizes and artificial material firmly embedded
in the structure of natural enamel. Plus it's a good antibacterial agent.Production
Factorsthe territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan has no analogues of this
toothpaste, and the only serious competitors in the market healthcare, namely
dentistry are dental clinics and centers.
Overview
company will not operate in the medical
and pharmaceutical industry, as it may seem at first glance. Would be to note
that we do not produce toothpaste "Charcle", and we will only be
engaged in distribution of the product. That's why we want to note that our
work is related to the dental industry in Kazakhstan.
structure
1. Number of patients who received
dental services in 2013
|
Number of sanitized, total
|
including independent dental clinics
|
Number of persons who received prostheses,
total
|
including independent dental clinics
|
Kazakhstan, total
|
1 919 848
|
917 152
|
170 582
|
143 678
|
Clinics in state ownership
|
Almaty
|
111 315
|
49 772
|
3 606
|
729
|
Astana
|
50 314
|
21 115
|
2 889
|
2 417
|
Clinics in private ownership
|
Almaty
|
158 578
|
132 178
|
19 610
|
17 575
|
Astana
|
40 520
|
30 366
|
11 451
|
11 079
|
Revenues from health organizations of dental
services in 2011 by regions, thousands tenge
|
Kazakhstan, total
|
11 912 691,4
|
Almaty
|
2 723 028,7
|
Astana
|
1 329 547,2
|
Kostanay
|
1 115 137,8
|
East Kazakhstan Region
|
1 108 383,8
|
players
clients will be absolutely everyone
who has dental problems at an early stage. Therefore, we haven’t no age limit,
no other criterion for the distribution of this toothpaste for our
customers.direct suppliers will be manufacturers of toothpaste
"Charcle", namely the Japanese company NEW JAPAN FUNCTIONAL FOODS
CO.LTD.consider ourselves as a company which operates in the dental field, as
we believe that consumers will choose between trip to the dentist for fillings problem
areas or purchase toothpaste for this issue. That is why our direct competitors
are dental clinics, but not toothpaste from other manufacturers.date, the major
players in the dental market (Almaty city) can be the following clinics:
· Daris TTE
· Dent-Lux
. fills all teeth (average
price for one tooth in dental clinics is 6 226 tg)
. whiten their (average price
for all teeth in dental clinic is 35 450 tg)
. the client does not need to
be consulted by a doctor (average price of dentist’s consultation is 2134 tg)
trends
consumers are sensitive to price and
services, and materials, which are constantly growing. This category of
patients is approximately 90% of the total, which is served by the dental
clinics and offices at average level. Among the most frequently visited dental
clinics leads small private dental clinic, this is drawn about 48% of
population, almost half the percentage of large specialized clinic visits
(20%).rapidly increased consumption of products and services of aesthetic
dentistry from whitening procedures elementary volume to work to change the
occlusion. What caused the growth? First of all, awareness of the importance of
oral health as a factor in the health of the body (digestion, kidneys, nervous
system, etc.). Growing prosperity and satisfaction of basic needs of the
population, according to pyramid requests entails attention to health, in this
case - the comfort and quality of food consumption, as well as comfort in
communication. That part of the population that moved in the chain needs
further perceives oral aesthetics as an important component of lifestyle. Segment
is growing, like beauty, fitness, etc.from industry changes
year the number of dental clinics in
Kazakhstan is significantly reduced, and the requirements for them (clinics)
are tightened. In this regard, on the part of dentistry chances of weighty new
competitors in Kazakhstan are minimal.if
you take into account similar toothpastes that are made not only in Japan but
also in China, Thailand, Korea, the 50% of them do not have enough certificates
confirms the quality and the fact that data toothpastes were tested for
harmlessness. Approximately 30% are made in secret. As a result, we have 80%
similar toothpastes, which do not meet the standards. That is why the import of
these toothpastes will be problematic for those who dare to do it after us, as
we have already concluded an agreement with still the only manufacturer of
rightly certified toothpaste “Charcle” - NEW JAPAN FUNCTIONAL FOODS CO.LTD.
Analysis
description and characteristics
2. Identifying target market
Population (01/02/2014, thousands)
|
17 186
|
Potential customers (age 12-60,
thousands)
|
13 036
|
Average salary in tg
|
104 654
|
Level of Labor Force in Almaty and
Astana (thous)
|
8 564
|
Level of unemployment in %
|
5,2
|
to this data we can say that our
potential customers are 12-60 years old, despite the fact that number of labor
force is approximately 8 564 000 with 5,2% of unemployment, therefore in a
result we have 8 118 672 potential customers with average salary 104 654 tg and
almost 2 056 346 children 12-18 years old, who can afford our product with the
financial help of parents.
market
target market are individuals, and
it is based on our community.customers search effective service for their teeth
diseases for affordable price. Nevertheless we have uncovered that average
price which is appointed by dental clinics for filling one tooth (6 226 tg),
and which is not suitable for them, for prospects. So they will try to find
more convenient and less expensive solution for their teeth problems, which
could be found in our toothpaste "Charcle".
trends
product will be sold in special
brand areas of the toothpaste (Charcle) located in major shopping malls in
Almaty and Astana, with promoter with dental education, who can provide free
and professional information and consultation about this toothpaste.market
absolutely is not seasonal, because problem with teeth may appear at any time.
Analysis
’s profilethe most serious and
strong competitor is dental clinic "Daris TTE" located in
Almaty.mission: "Provide dental services to our customers the highest
quality and customer value to meet their requirements, the expected timing,
anticipating and surpassing their needs. Create conditions for the development
of their staff professionalism, attracting the best team and decent people,
creating conditions that motivate for inspired work. Ensure the leading
position on the market of dental services in Kazakhstan..."are operating
in dental industry in Kazakhstan for 20 years and they first introduced the
term "cosmetic dentistry." Purchase only the digital electronic
equipment - electronic apex locators, an operating microscope, dental unit with
electronic appliances (digital camera connected to the computer with the
software), which were very expensive.are considered as a innovative dental
clinic, they implement innovation in dental technologies This year «DARIS-TTE»
celebrates its 20th anniversary . And can that in all these years «DARIS-TTE»
is synonymous with high quality services , the most advanced dental
technologies. Today «DARIS-TTE» - is a professional makeup high-level
specialists who constantly improve their skills.Lux dental clinic founded in
2012 - a serious age to be legitimately talked about well-deserved success and
high progress in the Kazakhstan dental market. However prices of their services
are almost high rather than other dental companies., our indirect competitors
are manufacturers and representatives of other toothpastes and powders. But the
fact remains that they do not have those qualities, which have our toothpaste.
edge
we consider the dental clinics, our
similarities with them that we offer the same treatment, such as fillings and
teeth whitening, removal of plaque and odor and prevention of dental caries at
an early stage.
business service market
industry
Market niche and share
fact that our target market is the
customers (patients), who are disturbed by the problems mentioned above, while
dental clinics offer wide range of services for the high prices. We also offer
treatment mainly for the important problems for little money, moreover it takes
less time.advantages (benefits of our toothpaste):
. Relatively lower price than
competitor’s prices for certain dental services:
• fills all teeth (average
price for one tooth in dental clinics is 6 226 tg)
• whiten their (average price
for all teeth in dental clinic is 35 450 tg)
• the client does not need to
be consulted by a doctor (average price of dentist’s consultation is 2134 tg)
. Save customer’s time:
• The customer can make an
order, or customer can purchase the toothpaste in major malls in the Astana and
Almaty cities.
• Do not need to be written
to the queue and wait for the order.
• The curing process takes
place during and after each brushing.principle, our company can operate in parallel
with dental clinics in the market of dentistry and even cooperate with them in
the near future, delivering this toothpaste to them. It is also one of the
assumptions and the secondary objective of our company. We will try to create
and show our competitiveness in order to generate interest among customers as
well as competitors.
analysis
’s:
· Loyal customers
· Organized
· Communication with
patients and each other
· Customer service
· Personalities allow
for great atmosphere
· Competent staff
· They are detail
oriented
· Time management
· Assistant duties
(i.e., taking x-rays and soft touch.)
· Waiting area too
small for large groups
· No rotation of
duties (leaves staff without opportunity for lunch/break)
· Patient recognition
(i.e., place routing slip in door handle for ID)
· Use routing slips
for ID of patient at door handle
· Taking x-ray
properly (Nalleli - training)
· Pow wow with
assistants (Nalleli)
· Dentists -
utilizing dental assistants equally
· Dental perio
charting
· Front desk reception
· X-ray's
· Personal touching
of privatesSWOT:
· Loyal customers
· Communication with
customers and each other
· Customer service
· Personalities allow
for great atmosphere
· Competent staff
· Providing quick
treatment
· Painless treatment
· Low costs and price
· There are no any
analogs in this market
· Insufficiently
known and unrecognizable product
· Not yet won the
confidence of consumers
· Patient recognition
(i.e., place routing slip in door handle for ID)
· For the first time
is not enough organized activities
· Promotion of a
product throughout Kazakhstan
· Rotation schedule
to allow for lunch
· Individual
assistant per patient
· Presentation of the
product directly on brand areas.
· Ensure the
advancement of the working staff
· Hypersensitivity of
one or more of the ingredients of the toothpaste. (Before use, check the
composition)Strategyproduct will use every consumer, and in every house will be
this product. Because in future customers will stay at home and clean their
tooth by our product and their tooth will be fixed.
Our selling point is to help society
be health and also to do easy their life with using this product.product is
different because we use just tube of paste seal tooth and we won’t use
bormachines.will attract our customers by advertisement on TV, radio, SMI. And
provide experimental advertising.will spend a few time to fix their tooth, and
they will spend a few money. They will buy 1 time a tube and will use 10 times
this tube.are focusing on B2C(Business to Costumer) we will build relationship
with our customers and we will sell our product to customers directly without
mediatorsprospective customers will think about our product with good side,
that our product will help them in the future. With our product they will feel
them better, because toothpaste will seal cracks, fill gaps and safe
tooth.product will transported from Japan with own package in Almaty and Astana
and we will write composition applications in Russian and Kazakh languages. It
will help to our customers use effectively and understand how to use it.
, advertising, and public relations
will use two marketing methods to
sell our product first one is Conventional promotion (radio, newspaper,
magazines, internet) and second one is Direct presentations to potential
clients.
3. We will spend on our advertising
about 8 500$.
TV Advertising
|
5 000 $
|
Radio Advertising
|
1 000 $
|
Newspaper, Magazines, Internet
Advertising
|
2 000 $
|
Direct presentations to potential
clients
|
500 $
|
will not give discounts to our bulk
buyers because we are distribute this product from Japan and we will minimize
the cost of our product and sell. And we won’t have a bulk buyers. Customer can
purchase only from our company.
and warranty policies
will give 1 year guarantee for our
product. If our product will help or our customers will satisfied with our
product.
, Staffing, and Management Plan
business will be Limited
Partnership.Sadykov- CEO, Head of Finance DepartmentKhakim-head of HR and Sale
DepartmentNadirov- COO, Head of Marketing Departmentbusiness will be
partnership because our business will open by 3 person.we will invest this
business equally. And will discuss about future of company and solve problems
equally.Business Manager is Dias. He has high education on business and
International Relationship. He is responsible, communicated, organized person.
plan
planning start our business by own
money. And as I said before we will invest our business equally and will be
partners.will have Service managerial position, because we need to contact and
communicate with customers. And take care of customer requests and complaints.
We’re also responsible for hiring staff and keeping a good working atmosphere,
organize events, such as hiring a band or some other public event.
Staffing and training plan
first we will start from small. At
first time we will hire about 30 persons.
4. Amount of employees and their
expected salary
~# Members Wage
in tenge
2
|
Accountants
|
100000
|
3
|
Supervisors
|
120000
|
14
|
Sales persons
|
70000
|
4
|
Cleaners
|
50000
|
3
|
Drivers
|
75000
|
4
|
Warehouse security
|
50000
|
company will work all seasons. And
we will keep our workers in their position. If we will growth we will promote
our staff.and staff must be more creative, flexible and effective in work
will provide every year different
trainings to increase their qualification
Financial Plan
There’s no hard and fast answer,
because every specialty business is different. Your costs will depend upon the
price of renting warehouse, and the price of customs duties will also affect on
how much money we will need.don't have already own a suitable building or a
complementary place such as an offices, to decrease our costs. In addition to
start-up costs we should have cash on hand to cover all of your operating
expenses for the first two months.might need approximately 250 000$ to realize
all plans that we set. We estimate that to start our business namely this
amount of money is required.are planning to borrow this many from our
relatives. Our parents give us a chance to test ourselves in a real
lifeKazakhstan government is implementing the State program "Business Road
Map-2020", designed to support entrepreneurs. Its implementation provides
an opportunity to expand your business, for those who want to start their
business from the scratch. They provide some financial support for entrepreneur
but we don't need this.fact that we will get funding from our relatives, and in
principle, the sum of $ 250,000 is enough for the realization of our
distributorship.think that after the first year of operation, all costs will be
justified< so after the first year we will payback loan.we predict to sell
approximately 10 000 units of toothpaste, early it will be 40000 units.
5. Costs, revenues, price, income,
profit
Advertising costs (yearly based)
in US Dollars
|
TV adv.
|
5000$
|
Radio adv.
|
1000$
|
Newspaper, Magazines, Internet
|
2000$
|
Direct presentations
|
500$
|
TOTAL
|
8500$
|
6, 7, 8. Operating costs
Salary (monthly and yearly based)
|
|
Staff
|
Monthly
|
Yearly
|
|
Accountants
|
2
|
200 000tg
|
2 400 000tg
|
|
Supervisors
|
3
|
360 000tg
|
4 320 000tg
|
|
Sales assistants
|
14
|
980 000tg
|
11 760 000tg
|
|
Cleaners
|
4
|
200 000tg
|
2 400 000tg
|
|
Drivers
|
3
|
225 000tg
|
2 700 000tg
|
|
Warehouse security
|
4
|
200 000tg
|
2 400 000tg
|
|
TOTAL
|
30
|
2 165 000tg
|
25 980 000tg
|
|
In US Dollars
|
|
11 895$
|
142 750$
|
|
Rent of place (monthly and yearly
based)
|
PLACE
|
QUANTITY
|
MONTHLY
|
YEARLY
|
Warehouse
|
2
|
500$
|
6 000$
|
Office
|
1
|
500$
|
6 000$
|
Brand zones in trade centers
|
3 in Astana 4 in Almaty
|
700$
|
8 400$
|
TOTAL
|
10
|
1 700$
|
20 400$
|
Technology and Equipment
|
EQUIPMENT
|
PLACE
|
QUANTITY
|
COST
|
Truck (GAZel)
|
Warehouses
|
2
|
20 000$
|
PC
|
Office
|
2
|
2 000$
|
Printer (with scanner)
|
Office
|
2
|
Sofa
|
Office
|
1
|
300$
|
Chairs
|
Office - 3 Brand zones - 7
|
10
|
500$
|
Locker
|
Office
|
1
|
80$
|
Uniform
|
|
22
|
1 200$
|
Store
|
Brand zones
|
7
|
3 500$
|
TOTAL
|
|
47
|
28 180$
|
9. Income and profit(borrowed money)
= 250 000$
Expenses for the first time
|
Advertising
|
8500$
|
Salary
|
11 895$
|
Rent
|
1 700$
|
Equipment
|
28 180$
|
Ordering and Delivering of
toothpaste
|
160 000$ for 10 000 units
|
Licensing
|
1 000$
|
TOTAL
|
211 275
|
000$ - 211 275$ = 28 725$ for
unexpected situations
Income statement (At the end of
first Year)
|
Product Sold
|
10000 units x 4 quarters (30$ per unit)
|
1 200 000$
|
Ordering and Delivering of product
|
160 000$ x 4 quarters (16$ per unit)
|
640 000$
|
Salary
|
|
142 750$
|
Rent
|
|
20 400$
|
Advertising
|
|
8 500$
|
Equipment
|
|
28 180$
|
Maintenance of Equip.
|
|
10 000$
|
Licensing
|
|
1 000$
|
Tax 12%
|
|
144 000$
|
PROFIT
|
|
205 170$
|
Income statement (at the end of
subsequent years)
|
Product Sold
|
10000 units x 4 quarters (30$ per unit)
|
1 200 000$
|
Ordering and Delivering of product
|
160 000$ x 4 quarters (16$ per unit)
|
640 000$
|
Salary
|
Rent
|
|
20 400$
|
Advertising
|
|
8 500$
|
Software updating
|
|
800$
|
Maintenance of Equip.
|
|
10 000$
|
Tax 12%
|
|
144 000$
|
PROFIT
|
|
233 550$
|
Implementation Summary
10. Required activities for
implementing
TASK
|
Estimated
Time
|
Determine if the type of business suits for us
|
01.01.2014-19.01.2014
|
Find sources of start-up financing.
|
19.01.2014-23.01.2014
|
Write a business plan, including a profit/loss
forecast and a cash flow analysis.
|
01.01.2014-15.02.2014
|
Set up a basic marketing plan.
|
15.03.2014-01.04.2014
|
Find our supplies
|
15.03.2014-01.04.2014
|
License our product
|
01.04.2014-07.04.2014
|
Find warehouse
|
01.04.2014-07.04.2014
|
Buy the equipment
|
|
Find the staff
|
01.04.2014-07.04.2014
|
Take agreement with malls about trend zones
|
|
Find offices
|
01.04.2014-07.04.2014
|
Sign a contract with Media
|
|
11. Sharing operations
Milestone
|
Start
Date
|
End
Date
|
Budget
|
Manager
|
Business
Plan
|
31‐dec‐14
|
15‐Feb‐13
|
$1 000
|
Dias
|
Financial
backing
|
1‐Jan‐14
|
31‐May‐14
|
$15 000
|
Nadir
|
Make
signs
|
15‐Mar‐14
|
31‐May‐13
|
$2 000
|
Maksatzhan
|
Mail
(1st) advertisements
|
1‐April‐14
|
30‐Apr‐14
|
$ 1000
|
Nadir
|
Open
store
|
30‐Apr‐14
|
31‐May‐14
|
$15 000
|
Dias
|
Mail
(Ongoing) advertisements
|
1‐May‐14
|
$4 000
|
Nadir
|
business will be Limited
Partnership. Dias Sadykov will be our CEO and Head of Financial Department, also
we choose him as head Manager. Maksatzhan Khakim will be head of HR and Sale
Department and Nadir Nadirov will be COO and Head of Marketing Department.will
have Service managerial position, because we need to contact and communicate
with customers. And take care of customer requests and complaints. We’re also
responsible for hiring staff and keeping a good working atmosphere, organize
events, such as hiring a band or some other public event.
Our company is focused on
distributing the toothpaste "Charcle" and our work is related to the
dental industry in Kazakhstan, and also we want to say that we are not
operating in the medical and pharmaceutical industry, as it may seem at first
glance. Every year the number of dental clinics in Kazakhstan is significantly
reduced, and the requirements for them (clinics) are tightened. In this regard,
on the part of dentistry chances of weighty new competitors in Kazakhstan are
minimal. And if you take into account similar toothpastes that are made not
only in Japan but also in China, Thailand, Korea, the 50% of them do not have
enough certificates confirms the quality and the fact that data toothpastes
were tested for harmlessness. Approximately 30% are made in secret. As a
result, we have 80% similar toothpastes, which do not meet the standards. That
is why the import of these toothpastes will be problematic for those who dare
to do it after us. Our product will be sold in special brand areas of the
toothpaste (Charcle) located in major shopping malls in Almaty and Astana, with
promoter with dental education, who can provide free and professional
information and consultation about this toothpaste.
Referrences
Information
about “Charcle charcoal toothpaste”:
1. <http://www.yaplakal.com/forum1/topic754972.html>
2. <http://www.ebay.com/bhp/charcoal-toothpaste>
3. <http://www.amazon.com/Sumigaki-SUMIGAKI-JAPANESE-CHARCOAL-TOOTHPASTE/dp/B000LP5C6G>
Information
about competitors
4. <http://www.dent-lux.kz/index.php?newsid=30>
5. <http://daris-tte.kz//index.php?id=12>
6. <https://uk.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20140110123531AAvQ41C>
7. <http://diva-stom.com/company>
Information
about dentistry and dental market
8. <http://yvision.kz/post/293043>
9. <http://vlast.kz/article/obzor_rynka_platnyh_stomatologicheskih_uslug_v_almaty_infografika-2595.html>
10. www.stat.gov.kz/ý
Preparing
financial statement
11. <http://www.sba.gov/ombudsman/7046>
12. <http://www.quickmba.com/accounting/fin/statements/>